O-G Teaching Principles

Personalized

• varied to meet the needs of the learner
• personalized so learners progress at their pace  

Multisensory

• uses all learning pathways - hearing, seeing, feeling, and awareness of motion

Diagnostic and Prescriptive

• starts with a review  
• monitors and analyzes verbal, nonverbal, and written responses
• errors inform the instruction for the next session
• move forward when they master a skill

Direct Instruction

• incorporates direct explanation and instruction of patterns   
• student knows what is to be learned, why it is to be learned, and how it is to be learned

Systematic Phonics

• initially stresses alphabetic principle 
• student learns to identify phonemes attached to graphemes

Applied Linguistics

• incorporates reading, spelling, and writing 
• explicitly taught syllabication rules and practice with reading, spelling, and writing 
• taught morphemes along with syntactic, semantic, and grammatical structures 

Linguistic Competence

• builds from phonics to grammar and writing 
• connects controlled text to practice skills for generalization 
• learn language patterns and practice reading and writing them

Systematic and Structured

• structured to build on itself 
• starts with reviewing sounds and older concepts. 

Sequential, Incremental, and Cumulative

• moving from phonemes to visual/auditory/blending to dictation in word form and then in sentence form
• new concepts taught beginning with articulation and then moving to more complex tasks
• each skill builds on another 

Continuous Feedback and Positive Reinforcement

• stresses competence and teaches students at their level, which increases confidence due to success.  
• progress at a speed that works for them. 

Cognitive Approach

• incorporates stating the rationale for choosing the new concept
• explains thinking behind the new concept to the student

Emotionally Sound

• incorporates success through a sequential approach 
• starts with reinforcement of previous concepts to increase automaticity and confidence.    
• lead to a feeling of success.